Land Records

What a land record is, how Landblock stores it, and why it can't be altered.

What is a land record?

A land record is an official entry in a government registry that describes a piece of land, who holds rights to it, and what those rights are. It typically includes a parcel identifier, boundary information, the names of rights-holders, and the type of right (ownership, lease, mortgage, restriction, and so on).

In most countries, the land registry is the authoritative source. If the registry says you own a parcel, you own it. If it says there's a lien, there's a lien. Landblock does not change this — the registry remains authoritative.

What Landblock stores

Landblock does not store land records on the blockchain. What it stores is a cryptographic proof — a mathematical fingerprint of the record, generated by the registry at the moment of publication.

This fingerprint (a hash) proves two things: the record existed at a specific point in time, and it has not been altered since. The actual record — names, boundaries, legal details — stays off-chain, under registry control.

Why records can't be altered

Blockchain records are append-only. Once a proof is published, it cannot be deleted or changed. If a registry needs to correct a record, it publishes a new proof that references the old one. Both versions are permanently visible — the correction and the original.

This creates a complete audit trail. Courts, lenders, and institutions can see the full history of any record: what was asserted, when, and by whom.

Three time dimensions

Every Landblock record carries three timestamps:

• Valid time — when the fact was true in the real world (set by the registry)
• System time — when Landblock recorded it (set automatically at submission)
• Block timestamp — when the Polygon blockchain confirmed it

This three-timestamp model is called bitemporal recording. It means a record can accurately reflect a past event (e.g. a sale that happened years ago) while still being timestamped precisely when it entered the system.

Off-chain evidence

Supporting documents — survey reports, signed deeds, boundary coordinates — are stored on IPFS and Filecoin, not on-chain. The blockchain stores the IPFS content identifier (CID), which is itself a cryptographic hash of the document. This means the document is verifiable without being publicly exposed.